Better Health & Living
ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults
Jun 15th
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurobehavioral disorder where inattention or an inability to concentrate and hyperactive behavior exist together. It is one of the common chronic disorders in children. It is often diagnosed in early childhood. In 60% of cases of attention deficit disorder, the symptoms continue well into adolescence.
Adults with ADHD often experience problems at work due to their impulsive tendency and hyperactive behavior
Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder often find it difficult to concentrate on one thing for a long time. They tend to get distracted easily. They are unable to maintain their jobs as a result of their forgetful tendencies. They often misplace things and are not good at organizing their tasks. They are unable to keep track of several things at once. They frequently misjudge how much time they have in their hands in order to successfully complete a task. They tend to make decisions impulsively, or on the spur of the moment. They do not think of the consequences of their actions. They often lack the diplomacy that is needed while working for a big organization. They tend to speak what is in their mind without bothering about the effect it will have on their work colleagues. They are unable to tear themselves away from something enjoyable to shift to a more urgent, important task. They lack attention to detail which may affect the quality of their work. They often have a tendency to daydream and tend to get confused easily.
Adults with ADHD may experience problems with relationships
People affected by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder often display an impulsive tendency. They are unable to form friendships easily. They are unable to maintain friendships. They lack the diplomacy that is needed in maintaining relationships. They are impulsive and tend to speak what is in their mind without bothering about the consequences. As a result of this they often hurt the feelings of others. They are often termed as insensitive and find it difficult to relate to the feelings of others. They tend to speak inappropriate words at times and blurt out things which may be considered rude and impolite. They are extremely impatient and often tend to get restless especially when they have to wait on others. They are unable to control their emotions. They are unable to concentrate on what the other person is saying. They tend to get distracted easily by external stimuli such as bright lights and noise. They do not seem to be listening or paying attention to what the other person is saying. As a result of this, people find it hard to communicate with them. They easily lack interest and get distracted while talking to other people. Due to their hyperactive behavior they are constantly on the move and restless. They often seem restless, fidgety and tend to squirm in their seats. They tend to talk continuously and do not understand if the other person is interested in their conversation or not.
Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Jun 13th
One of the most effective forms of treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is counseling. Children suffering
from this disorder are often labeled as difficult children, rude and impolite. These children often have difficulty in following instructions; this is not because they want to create problems or mischief. This is solely because they are unable to pay attention and remember what is being told to them. Another reason is that they are hyperactive and they have to be on the move constantly. They are restless and fidgety as a result of this disorder. They tend to move around constantly touching things of other people and playing with anything and everything around them. This is due to their impulsive tendency, which is another marked symptom of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
If they’re hyperactive; they are often told they’re bad and punished for being disruptive. If they are too disorganized and unfocused to complete tasks, others may call them lazy. As a result of their neurobehavioral disorder they often face problems in forming friendships and maintaining friendships. They have a difficulty in participating in school activities. As a result they tend to be isolated. Constant punishments may make them feel frustrated. Many children affected by this disorder often suffer from a low self esteem. Facing the daily frustrations that can come with having a developmental disorder can make people fear that they are strange, abnormal, or stupid.
Children affected by this disorder often suffer from feelings of isolation, anxiety and depression. Both parents and their children may need special help to develop techniques for managing the patterns of behavior. In such cases, mental health professionals can counsel the child and the family, helping them to develop new skills, attitudes, and ways of relating to each other.
Counseling helps these individuals and the families of people affected by ADHD to understand that this is a developmental disorder. It helps the ADHD individuals to control their hyperactive and impulsive tendencies. In individual counseling, the psychologist helps children or adults with ADHD learn to feel better about themselves. They learn to recognize that having a disability does not reflect who they are as a person. The therapist can also help people with ADHD identify and build on their strengths, learn social and communication skills, and control their attention and aggression. The therapist can also resort to the use of cognitive behavior therapy to teach them coping skills. In group counseling, people learn that they are not alone in their frustration and that others want to help.
Another important treatment in coping with ADHD is exercise. Exercise is an instant mood buster. Physical activity immediately boosts the brain’s dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin levels—all of which affect focus and attention. Regular exercise helps to control the aggressive and hyperactive behavior to some extent. It is also useful in fighting the feelings of anxiety and depression.
There is no specific cure for ADHD. But individuals affected by ADHD can learn coping skills and their quality of life can be improved considerably.
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children
Jun 11th
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the common chronic disorders in children. ADHD affects approximately
3 to 7 percent of the school-age population. Children affected by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder often begin to show the symptoms before the age of 7. This disorder is a developmental disorder and a neurobehavioral disorder. The disorder is characterized by three main symptoms- impulsive tendency, hyperactive behavior and inability to concentrate. These symptoms may vary in severity and intensity as per the individuals. Accordingly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is classified into three main types. These are mentioned below:
Type 1: Predominantly hyperactive type
The children that fall into the type 1 category of attention deficit disorder show more symptoms of hyperactive impulsive behavior as compared to the symptoms of inability to concentrate. Symptoms of hyperactive behavior first appear by the age of 4 years. The hyperactive behavior becomes more evident by the age of 7 years.
Type 2: Predominantly inattentive type
In this type of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder the major characteristic symptom is inability to concentrate or lack of attention. The symptoms of hyperactive and impulsive behavior as present as well but in lesser degree. Symptoms of concentration difficulties are more evident by the age of 7 years.
Type 3: Combined type of hyperactive and inattentive behavior
Some individuals display both the characteristic symptoms of impulsive and hyperactive behavior along with concentration problems. In this type of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder both the symptoms co-exist at a similar level.
Children with ADHD
Children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder often cause problems in school because of their hyperactive behavior. They are more prone to be involved in accidents and small mishaps as a result of their impulsive tendency. They often lack behind in the completion of school homework and assignments. They are extremely impulsive and impatient. They are fidgety and restless. Parents, teachers and care givers often find it difficult to control their behavior. Their inability to concentrate makes it difficult for them to pay attention at school. As a result of this they often show a poor academic performance. They move around constantly, touching things, playing with anything around them and dashing around. They have a tendency to daydream and get confused easily. They speak inappropriate words at times and have a tendency to blurt out things. They have difficulty in following instructions due to their inability to concentrate. As a result they are often termed as rude and impolite. They tend to forget things and as result lose their things easily.
Children affected by this disorder often feel left out in school and among peers. They are unable to indulge in sports and other activities and may suffer from a low self esteem. Some children suffering from this disorder also have associated symptoms such as anxiety and depression. So it may become difficult to diagnose the disorder. In a majority of cases of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder the symptoms continue well into adolescence. But with proper treatment and counseling the child can be taught coping skills.
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Causes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Jun 9th
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a developmental disorder characterized by impulsive-hyperactive behavior and inattention. Som
e of the possible causes in the development of this disorder are listed below.
Genetic Predisposition may play a role in the development of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Heredity is the most common cause of this neurobehavioral disorder. Clinical research performed on the subject of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has suggested that this developmental disorder tends to run in families. Many people affected by this disorder often have a close relative such as parent or a twin suffering from attention deficit disorder. In a majority of cases, people suffering from attention deficit disorder often have another family member suffering from some kind of developmental disorder such as asperger syndrome or autism or other behavior problems and learning difficulties.
Smoking and alcohol intake during pregnancy may cause attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
Many scientists are now discussing the possibility of a link between smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy and development of ADHD in children. Whatever the mother eats and drinks during pregnancy is passed onto the fetus in her womb through the placenta. Exposure to toxic substances such as drugs, tobacco, cigarette smoke, alcohol and even lead increases the risk of developmental and other neurological disorders in the affected child. Nicotine, alcohol, and lead can be toxic to developing brain tissue of the fetus and may have sustained effects on the behavior of the children exposed to these substances at early ages. Other complications in pregnancy such as oxygen deprivation to the fetus or a premature birth may also increase the risk of the child developing ADHD.
Injury to the brain may be a contributing factor in the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Injury to the brain can be the result of trauma such as a serious blow to the head or in case of accidents involving head injury may cause ADHD. Injury to the brain can also be caused as a result of brain tumor, stroke or disease. These factors can cause problems with inability to concentrate or lack of attention and poor regulation of motor activity and impulses.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is not caused by a faulty diet
Some studies have suggested that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder may be caused as a result of faulty diet, especially a diet high in sugar content. But there is no clinical or scientific evidence to prove this theory. Another study has linked the development of this disorder to food allergies and artificial additives in food such as coloring agents. But there is no clinical evidence to support this theory either.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is not caused due to poor parenting
Some theories have blamed the parents or the primary care givers of the child for a poor upbringing of the child leading to the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It has to be understood that this disorder is a developmental disorder. It is a neurobehavioral disorder and is not related in any way to poor or faulty upbringing.
Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
Jun 8th
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurobehavioral disorder where inattention or an inability to concentrate and hyperactive behavior exist together. It is a developmental disorder and one of the common chronic disorders in children. It is often diagnosed in early childhood. In 60% of cases of attention deficit disorder, the symptoms continue well into adolescence.
Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
People affected by this developmental disorder are extremely impulsive and display hyperactive behavior. They are unable to concentrate and are often termed as inattentive.
Symptoms of Hyperactive behavior
Hyperactive behavior is a marked symptom of attention deficit disorder. The symptoms of hyperactive behavior are mentioned below:
- Excessive fidgety behavior.
- Difficulty to remain in seats.
- Constant squirming in their seats.
- Restless behavior.
- Dashing around, touching things and playing with anything and everything around them.
- They have to be constantly in motion or “on the go”.
- Difficulty to play or do things in a quiet manner.
- Talk constantly.
Symptoms of hyperactive behavior first appear by the age of 4 years. The hyperactive behavior becomes more evident by the age of 7 years.
Symptoms of Impulsive tendency
The individuals affected by this disorder often show a tendency to impulsive behavior.The symptoms of impulsive tendency are mentioned below:
- Disruptive behavior in the classrooms.
- Blurting out things.
- Inability to control emotions.
- Speaking inappropriately at times without thinking of the consequences.
- Inability to take turns.
- Impatient and restless.
- Accidental injury as a result of impulsive tendency
- Peer rejection.
- Inability to form friendships.
Symptoms of Inattentive Behavior
Some of the characteristic symptoms of inattentive behavior are mentioned below:
- Inability to concentrate.
- Seems he is not listening when spoken to.
- Cannot concentrate at more than one thing at a time.
- Lacking in homework and completion of school or work assignments.
- Easily distracted by external stimuli such as noise.
- Cannot concentrate on things when lots of things are going around them.
- Has a tendency to daydream and gets confused easily.
- Forgets things easily.
- Loses things as cannot remember where he kept them.
- Unable to pay attention to details.
- Trouble organizing his work.
- Poor academic performance.
- Inability to follow instructions, perform simple household chores and duties.
- Show a dislike for games and tasks that involve mental effort.
Symptoms of concentration difficulties are more evident by the age of 7 years.
The symptoms of attention deficit hyperactive disorder vary greatly in individuals in terms of the number of the symptoms present as well as the intensity and severity of the symptoms. But the major characteristics are hyperactive-impulsive behavior and inability to concentrate or inattentive behavior. According to the prominence and severity of these characteristic traits, attention deficit hyperactive disorder is classified into three major types:
Type 1: Predominantly hyperactive type
Type 2: Predominantly inattentive type
Type 3: Combined type of hyperactive and inattentive behavior
What is ADHD
Jun 7th
What is Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is commonly referred to as ADD. People affected by this disorder have trouble concentrating. This is especially evident when doing school work. They are not able to concentrate on more than one thing at a time. Their behavior often causes problems at school and at home. They also have hyperactive behavior and impulsive tendencies.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is diagnosed mainly in childhood
Attention deficit disorder is a developmental disorder. It is a neuro-behavioral disorder where inattention or an inability to concentrate and hyperactive behavior exist together. It is one of the common chronic disorders in children. It is often diagnosed in early childhood. In 60% of cases of attention deficit disorder, the symptoms continue well into adolescence.
Classification of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is classified into three main types which are mentioned below.
Type 1: Predominantly hyperactive type
Individuals who fall into the category of predominantly hyperactive type of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder mainly display symptoms of impulsive tendencies and hyperactive behavior. Symptoms of inability to concentration as present as well but these symptoms are present in fewer numbers as compared to the hyperactive symptoms. The characteristic symptom in this type is hyperactivity. Children affected by this condition are often fidgety and restless. They have a tendency to squirm in their seats. They move around constantly, touching things, playing with anything around them and dashing around. They have a tendency to talk constantly without even bothering to see if the other person is listening or not. They are extremely impulsive and impatient. They are unable to control their emotions. They often tend to speak at inappropriate times or speak inappropriately often causing trouble among friends and family. They show their emotions without any restraint. They speak without bothering about the consequences.
Type 2: Predominantly inattentive type
Individuals who fall into the category of predominantly inattentive type of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder show both the characteristic symptoms of inability to concentrate as well as hyperactive behavior. But the marked symptom in this type of individuals is difficulty in concentration or paying attention. This is especially evident when lots of things are going around them. The child may be easily distracted. He is unable to concentrate thereby lacking behind in his homework or school assignments. He is unable to pay attention to details. He tends to forget things easily. He often loses things as he is unable to remember where he kept them. He has trouble organizing his work. He has a tendency to daydream and gets confused easily.
Type 3: Combined type of hyperactive and inattentive behavior
Some individuals display both the characteristic symptoms of impulsive and hyperactive behavior along with concentration problems. In this type of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder both the symptoms co-exist at a similar level.
Diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is often difficult as children affected by this disorder may show other problems such as anxiety and depression. For a child to be diagnosed with ADHD the symptoms must be present before the age of 7 and must continue for at least 6 months.
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